What is the definition of "diabetic ketoacidosis"?

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is indeed defined as a serious complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels and the production of ketones. This condition typically arises in individuals with type 1 diabetes but can also occur in those with type 2 diabetes under certain stressful conditions, like infection or illness.

In DKA, the absence of insulin leads to the breakdown of fatty acids as an alternative energy source, resulting in the formation of ketones. As ketones accumulate, they can cause the blood to become acidic, which can lead to severe metabolic imbalances and potentially life-threatening conditions if not addressed promptly.

The hallmark signs of DKA include hyperglycemia (very high blood glucose levels), ketonuria (presence of ketones in the urine), metabolic acidosis (low blood pH due to excess ketones), and dehydration. Recognizing and treating DKA promptly is crucial in managing diabetic patients to prevent serious complications such as cerebral edema, acute respiratory distress, or even death.

This understanding of DKA highlights the critical interplay between insulin deficiency and metabolic changes in diabetes management, making the definition that describes it as a serious complication with high blood sugar and ketone production the most accurate.