Insulin sensitivity can be improved by which of the following actions?

Engaging in regular exercise is a well-established method for improving insulin sensitivity. Physical activity enhances the ability of cells to uptake glucose, thus reducing blood sugar levels more effectively. Exercise promotes the translocation of glucose transporter proteins to the cell membrane, specifically GLUT4 in muscle and fat cells, facilitating glucose uptake without the need for insulin.

Additionally, regular exercise helps to reduce body fat, especially visceral fat, which is known to have a negative impact on insulin sensitivity. By improving muscle mass and cardiovascular fitness, exercise improves metabolic health overall. Studies have consistently shown that both aerobic and resistance training can significantly enhance insulin action, helping to manage or prevent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

In contrast, increasing caloric intake could lead to weight gain and worsened insulin sensitivity, while decreasing protein consumption does not have a direct relationship with the improvement of insulin sensitivity. Reducing fat intake to zero is not advisable either, as the body requires healthy fats for hormonal balance and metabolic function. Therefore, regular exercise remains the primary beneficial action to enhance insulin sensitivity.